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Finds from Bulgaria shed new light on history of Homo sapiens

Excavations at Bacho Kiro Cave
Photo: © Tsenka Tsanova

Fragments of human bones found in Bacho Kiro Cave in central Bulgaria suggest that Homo sapiens appeared in Europe several millennia earlier than previously thought and shared the Old Continent with the Neanderthals for longer. 

Scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany have analyzed 4 bone fragments and a tooth discovered in the cave. Radiocarbon dating and DNA tests show that the fossils date back to 46,000 years ago. 
The earliest ancient fragments of human bones in Europe have been found in Romania. Scientists believe that Homo sapiens came from Africa about 47,000 years ago, and the Danube Valley was probably used as a route for their settlement.
The international research team is led by Jean-Jacques Hublin, Tsenka Tsanova and Shannon McPherron of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, and Nikolay Sirakov and Svoboda Sirakova of the National Institute of Archaeology with Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in Sofia.


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